在美国境内B1/B2 转 F-1(通过提交 I-539 表格变更身份)

在美国境内B1/B2 转 F-1(通过提交 I-539 表格变更身份)

  • 人已在美国,合法持有 B1/B2(旅游/商务)身份
  • 想要在美国学习语言课程、大学或研究生课程
  • 不打算离境,想直接在境内完成身份转变

第一阶段:前期准备与申请学校

步骤 1:申请并获得学校录取与 I-20 表

  1. 选择一所 SEVP 认证学校(必须在移民局认证名单内)
    可以是语言学校、社区大学、本科、硕士等教育机构
  2. 准备入学申请材料:
    • 护照扫描件
    • 学历成绩单(翻译)
    • 英语考试成绩(如TOEFL/IELTS,部分语言学校可豁免)
    • 个人陈述或推荐信(如适用)
  3. 资金证明
    • 银行存款证明,金额需覆盖一年学费 + 生活费(视学校而定,一般 $20,000–$50,000)
    • 可使用本人、父母或亲属的银行对账单
    • 如有资助人,需附上资助声明(Affidavit of Support)
  4. 学校发放 I-20 表格
    • 上面应注明:“Change of Status Requested”
    • 你本人需在 I-20 第1页下方签字

第二阶段:准备 I-539 表格并提交(身份转换申请)

步骤 2:注册 USCIS 账户并在线填写 I-539

  1. 登录:USCIS 官网 I-539 页面
  2. 点击 “File Online”,注册 USCIS Online Account(邮箱验证)
  3. 进入表格填写流程,系统会分步骤引导你填写以下内容:

填表内容(主要字段):

  • 当前身份类别:B1/B2(Visitor)
  • 申请更改为:F-1(Student)
  • 是否有家属一同申请?如有,填写 I-539A 表格
  • 护照信息、签证信息、I-94入境记录
  • 是否有拒签、非法滞留、出入境历史等敏感记录
  • 提交理由(为什么现在要变更身份)

步骤 3:准备并上传支持文件(Supporting Documents)

建议文件命名清晰,例如“Passport.pdf”、“BankStatement.pdf”

文件名称内容
Passport护照信息页 + 签名页(如有)
Visa当前B1/B2签证页复印件
I-94CBP官网 下载的出入境记录
I-20新学校签发的、本人已签字的I-20
Acceptance Letter学校录取通知书(如有)
Financial Proof银行对账单、父母/资助人声明等
Personal Statement一封解释信,说明你入境后为何改变学习计划,以及你未来学习目的与归国计划等(非常关键)

步骤 4:缴费并提交

  • 在线提交费用(2024年4月1日起新费标准):
    • Online filing fee: $420(建议在线提交)
    • Biometrics: 已取消,大多数不再收费
    • 总计:$420
  • 付款后,系统会生成:
    • Form I-539 收据(PDF)
    • 支付确认页
    • “Submitted”状态的申请记录

第三阶段:等待 USCIS 审批

等待时间:通常为 6–12 个月不等(不同服务中心差异很大)

你将收到:

  • I-797C 收据通知(电子+邮寄)
  • 若需要补件(RFE),会收到 USCIS 的邮件提醒
  • 最终批准(Approval Notice)或拒绝通知(Denial)

注意:

  • 在等待期间,你不能注册课程或上课
  • 身份维持依赖于 I-94 是否在申请递交时仍有效
  • 拒绝后如仍滞留,会构成非法居留

补充建议:

  • 解释信一定要诚恳清楚:说明原本来美目的、为何改变计划、未来学习计划和打算如何遵守F-1规则
  • 避开“入境就申请”的风险:建议入境60天后才申请,避免违反“入境动机一致性”原则
  • 可让学校 DSO 协助写支持信

对比-在美国境外申请 F-1 学生签证(Consular Processing)

适用于人在美国境外,或决定回国/第三国申请F-1签证再入境的人

第一步:获得学校录取并 I-20

同样需要:

  • SEVP认证学校录取
  • I-20表(标记为“Initial”)
  • 提供财力证明
  • 签署 I-20 第一页

第二步:缴纳 SEVIS I-901 费用

  1. 访问:https://fmjfee.com
  2. 输入 SEVIS ID(在I-20表右上角)
  3. 选择签证类别:F-1
  4. 支付 $350
  5. 打印缴费收据

第三步:填写 DS-160 表格(签证申请)

  1. 网站:https://ceac.state.gov/CEAC
  2. 选择“Nonimmigrant Visa Application (DS-160)”
  3. 填写个人资料、护照信息、学校地址、SEVIS ID 等
  4. 提交后,保存并打印带条形码的确认页

第四步:预约美领馆签证面谈

  1. 进入 https://www.ustraveldocs.com/ 注册账户
  2. 输入护照号、DS-160编号、签证种类(F-1)等信息
  3. 缴纳签证费($185)
  4. 预约可用面试日期

第五步:准备面签材料清单

材料说明
护照原件有效期需超过6个月
DS-160确认页带条形码
面试预约确认页来自 CGI 系统
I-20 原件本人签字,学校DSO签字
SEVIS费收据I-901付款后打印
银行存款证明或父母资助信
录取通知书Optional 加分项
个人说明材料可解释学习计划和归国意图

第六步:签证批准与赴美

  • 面签结束若签证通过,护照一般 5-7 个工作日退还
  • 可在 I-20 课程开始前最多提前30天入境美国
  • 入境时向海关出示 I-20、签证和护照

下面是一个适用于 B1/B2 转 F-1 身份(境内)申请 Form I-539 的英文解释信(Statement of Intent to Study / Letter of Explanation)模板,内容涵盖:入境目的、为何改变计划、学术目标、合法身份承诺、资金来源等。

【Letter of Explanation for Change of Status from B1/B2 to F-1】

[Your Full Name]
[U.S. Address]
[Phone Number]
[Email Address]
USCIS
Attn: I-539 Change of Status
[Date]

Subject: Statement of Purpose for Change of Status from B1/B2 to F-1

To Whom It May Concern:

My name is [Your Full Name], and I entered the United States on a [B1/B2] visitor visa on [Date of Entry], with an authorized stay until [I-94 Expiry Date]. I am writing to respectfully request a change of my nonimmigrant status from B1/B2 to F-1, in order to pursue full-time academic studies at [School Name].

When I initially entered the U.S., my purpose was to visit friends/family and explore cultural and educational opportunities. During my stay, I had the chance to tour several institutions and reflect on my long-term educational goals. After careful consideration, I have decided to pursue formal education in the United States to improve my academic and professional prospects. I have been admitted to [Program Name, e.g., Intensive English Program / Associate Degree / Bachelor’s Program] at [School Name], beginning on [Program Start Date]. My SEVIS ID is [SEVIS Number], and I have enclosed a copy of my signed Form I-20 issued by the school.

I am fully committed to complying with the regulations governing F-1 students. I understand that F-1 status requires full-time enrollment and prohibits unauthorized employment. I will maintain valid immigration status at all times and will leave the United States upon completion of my studies unless I am otherwise authorized to remain.

To support my studies, I have included documentation of sufficient financial resources, including [e.g., personal savings, a financial support letter from my parents, and bank statements], demonstrating my ability to cover tuition and living expenses throughout the duration of my program.

I respectfully request your favorable consideration of my application for a change of status to F-1. I appreciate your time and attention to this matter. Please feel free to contact me if further information is needed.

Sincerely,
[Your Full Name]
[Signature, if printing]

下面是一份标准格式的父母资助声明(Affidavit of Support)模板,适用于 B1/B2 转 F-1 身份或境外申请 F-1 签证时作为财力证明文件使用

【Affidavit of Support (Parental Financial Sponsorship Letter)】

[Parent’s Full Name]
[Parent’s Address in Home Country]
[Phone Number]
[Email Address]
[Date]

To Whom It May Concern:

I, [Parent’s Full Name], am the [father/mother] of [Your Full Name], who is currently applying to study in the United States as an international student.

I am fully aware of my child’s intention to study at [School Name], beginning on [Program Start Date], and I hereby confirm that I am willing and financially able to support my child for the entire duration of their academic program in the United States.

I undertake to provide financial support for tuition, living expenses, health insurance, and other educational-related costs. I estimate the total annual expenses to be approximately [USD Amount, e.g., $30,000] per year, and I am fully capable of meeting this obligation.

To support this statement, I have enclosed the following documents:

  • Recent bank statements showing available funds
  • Proof of employment and income (if applicable)
  • Property ownership or other financial assets (if relevant)

I certify that all the information provided is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. I fully understand the responsibilities involved and agree to provide continuous support for the duration of my child’s studies in the U.S.

Sincerely,
[Parent’s Full Name]
[Signature (if printed)]


附加建议:

  • 建议附上银行存款证明银行对账单(余额大于一年学费+生活费)
  • 如用中文写,可同时附上英文翻译件

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